SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIS LEMBARAN KERING SELULOSA BAKTERI BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH HASIL PERTANIAN

I Wayan Sweca Yasa; Eko Basuki; Satrijo Saloko; Dody Handito

doi:10.29303/jrpb.v8i1.170

SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIS LEMBARAN KERING SELULOSA BAKTERI BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH HASIL PERTANIAN

Authors

I Wayan Sweca Yasa , Eko Basuki , Satrijo Saloko , Dody Handito

DOI:

10.29303/jrpb.v8i1.170

Published:

2020-03-23

Issue:

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem

Keywords:

limbah, pemurnian, selulosa

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Yasa, I. W. S., Basuki, E., Saloko, S., & Handito, D. (2020). SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIS LEMBARAN KERING SELULOSA BAKTERI BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH HASIL PERTANIAN. Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian Dan Biosistem, 8(1), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.29303/jrpb.v8i1.170

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Abstract

Bioselulosa (BS) terutama selulosa bakteri, tingkat kemurniannya tergantung dari bahan baku pembuatan BS, metode pemurnian dan proses asetilasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis bahan limbah pertanian dan metode pemurnian yang tepat untuk mendapatkan karakteristik BS kering dengan sifat fisik dan mekanis sesuai dengan standar bahan plastik mudah terurai (biodegradable). Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui percobaan di laboratorium. Percobaan ditata menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah bahan baku selulosa bakteri, yang terdiri atas 3 aras, yaitu 1). Sumber C dari air kelapa, 2). Whey tahu dan 3). Kulit dan bongkol nenas. Faktor kedua adalah metode pemurnian BS dengan 2 aras perlakuan, yaitu 1). Hidrolisis BS dengan NaOH 0,1% bertemperatur 100Â°C selama 30 menit dan 2). Hidrolisis BS dengan NaOH 0,1% bertemperatur 30Â°C selama 24 jam. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman pada taraf nyata 5 persen dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Jujur pada taraf nyata yang sama. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik dan mekanis BS kering tidak dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis bahan baku BS dan metode pemurnian. Bahan baku BS kering yang dibuat dari air kelapa limbah pembuatan kopra memiliki sifat fisik dan mekanis yang terbaik dengan warna coklat krem, permukaan halus, sedikit kerutan, ketebalan dan rendemen berturut turut sebesar 0,11 cm dan 5,35%, serta kuat tarik 74,40 MPa, elongasi 7,36% dan modulus Young 2664,16. Pemurnian BS denganNaOH 0,1% bertemperatur 100Â°C selama 30 menit menghasilkan BS kering dengan sifat fisik dan mekanis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan NaOH 0,1% bertemperatur 30Â°C 24 jam.

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SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIS LEMBARAN KERING SELULOSA BAKTERI BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH HASIL PERTANIAN

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