Lignin, Hemiselulosa, and Cellulose Contents of Zalacca Midrib in Physical, Chemical, and Biological Pretreatment

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the content of lignin, hemicellulosa and salacca midrib cellulosa and physical chemical and biological pretreatment, to determine degradation of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. Physical treatment used the steam explosion, chemical treatment used the NaOH and biological treatment used the Trichoderma reesei FNCC 6012. Pretreatment using the steam explosion based on temperature consisting 120⁰C, 140⁰C, and 160⁰C. Pretreatment using NaOH based on concentration consisting 2%, 4%, and 6%. While the pretreatment using Trichoderma reesei based on fermentation time consisting 5 days, 10 days, 15 days. The pretreatment reduced the lignin content on salacca midrib. The parameters observed lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose content. The results showed that pretreatment using Steam Explosion with a temperature of 140⁰C and 160⁰C reduced lignin levels by 16.03% and 15.90%. Pretreatment using Steam exploision temperature 160⁰C and Trichoderma reesei 15 days increased hemicellulose content by 35.84% and 36.21%. Pretreatment using Steam Explosion at 160⁰C had the best effect on cellulose at 51.09%.