Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem

Karakteristik Fisik Ekstrudat dengan Perlakuan Penambahan Tepung Sagu pada Grits Jagung dan Suhu Barrel

Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The technology that is widely used in making snacks is extrusion. Most commercially available extruded products use corn grit as the main ingredient. Corn grits can be combined with high-starch ingredients such as sago. Sago has great potential to be developed considering that sago production in Indonesia is very high, but its use is still limited. Sago is usually only processed as traditional food, so further innovation is needed. Therefore, this research aims to examine the effect of sago composition (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) and barrel temperature (120⁰C, 130⁰C, 140⁰C) on the characteristics of extrudates made from corn grit and sago starch. The extrusion process was carried out with a SYSLG-IV twin screw extruder. it was found that increasing the proportion of sago starch and barrel temperature causes an increase in the expansion ratio (3.21-3.81), WSI (2.78-11.49) and a decrease in water content (7.15-10.16), particle density (0.13-0.22), bulk density (0.07-0.11), WAI (5.94-6.6), and hardness (3.59-5.96). The best treatment based on TOPSIS analysis was the sample with a sago composition ratio of 30% and a temperature of 140⁰C

Analisis Produktivitas dan Kualitas Buah Stoberi var Sujarli (Rosalinda) Berdasarkan Model Budidaya dan Pengolahan Citra Digital

Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Strawberry (Fragaria sp.) is a high-value horticultural commodity with broad market potential, particularly in tropical highland areas such as Bedugul, Bali. However, its productivity and fruit quality are often constrained by climatic fluctuations and limited application of appropriate cultivation technologies. This study aimed to evaluate the productivity and fruit quality of Sujarli (Rosalinda) strawberry variety under four cultivation models: conventional open field, tunnel, fertigated open field, and greenhouse. In addition, a predictive model for Total Soluble Solids (TSS) content was developed using fruit color parameters obtained through digital image analysis. A total of 100 strawberry samples across five ripening stages were analyzed for biometrical characteristics (length, diameter, and weight), pH, and TSS. Image analysis was performed in two color spaces, namely RGB and HSV, and the corresponding color values were used as input variables in a multiple linear regression (MLR) model to predict TSS values. The results showed that the fertigated open field system produced strawberries with good physical and chemical quality, making it a feasible option for small-scale farmers. The MLR model based on HSV color space outperformed the RGB-based model, achieving R² values of 0.826 (training) and 0.775 (testing), with lower RMSE values as well. These findings support the use of digital color data as a non-destructive indicator for assessing the quality of strawberries during postharvest evaluation.

Modeling Microwave Oven Sterilization of Palm Fruit using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Dewi Fortuna, Diana Pebriani Daulay, Lavlinesia, Arzita, Eli Sovia — Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The conventional steam-based sterilization of crude palm oil (CPO) in Indonesia is known to be energy- and water-intensive, as well as time-consuming. This necessitates more efficient and sustainable alternatives, such as microwave oven heating. While microwave applications in CPO sterilization have been explored as a more efficient and sustainable alternative, existing studies often lack comprehensive optimization and a systematic investigation of key process parameters. This study aimed to optimize fresh fruit bunch (FFB) sterilization using a microwave oven to identify optimal operating parameters for maximizing oil extraction yield and minimizing Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content. The Central Composite Design (CCD) within Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed as a statistical technique to model the process and ensure the validity of the results. Three independent variables were investigated: sterilization time (6–20 min), fruit mass (396–1104 g), and fruit maturity level (ripe and over-ripe), resulting in twenty-six experimental combinations. Optimal conditions for maximum yield and lowest FFA were determined at 6 min sterilization time and 550 g fruit mass for both maturity levels. Conversely, suboptimal conditions at 11.5 min and 150 g fruit mass for both maturity levels resulted in the lowest yield and highest FFA. This research provides crucial insights for developing an optimized microwave sterilization technique, enhancing palm oil processing efficiency and product quality. The findings underscore the potential for a scalable, low-energy sterilization method that could significantly reduce the environmental footprint of CPO production, instilling optimism about the positive impact of this research.

Characterization of Bioplastic from Cellulose Acetate Empty Bunches Oil Palm and Canna Bulb Flour (Canna edulis Ker) with Addition of Variations of Glycerol

Musthofa Lutfi, Gunomo Djoyowasito, Bambang Dwi Argo, Lita Puspita Rizka Perdana — Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Bioplastics are environmentally friendly materials that serve as alternatives to synthetic plastics, capable of being decomposed by microorganisms. Starch, commonly sourced from tubers such as canna tubers, is one of the primary natural components used in bioplastic production. This study utilized a completely randomized factorial design with glycerol as a plasticizer and cellulose acetate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) as a reinforcement agent. Glycerol was varied at concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ml, while cellulose acetate OPEFB was varied at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 g. The resulting bioplastics underwent mechanical testing, including tensile strength, elongation, elasticity, water absorption, solubility, and biodegradability. The highest tensile strength (20.56 MPa) was observed with 2 ml glycerol and 1.5 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. The best elongation (33.33%) occurred with 4 ml glycerol and 1 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. Maximum elasticity (2.86 MPa) was achieved with 2 ml glycerol and 2.5 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. Optimal water absorption (12.54%) was recorded with 1 ml glycerol and 1 g cellulose acetate OPEFB, while the highest solubility (43.97%) was observed with 5 ml glycerol and 3 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. The greatest biodegradability (88.75%) was achieved with 5 ml glycerol and 1.5 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. These findings highlight the potential of starch-based bioplastics reinforced with cellulose acetate OPEFB to achieve desirable mechanical and environmental performance characteristics.

Monitoring The Crowns of Palm Oil Plants in Central Lampung Regency using Remote Sensing Techniques

Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Crude palm oil (CPO) productivity in Central Lampung Regency, at 2.25 tons/ha/year, remains below the national average of 3.90 tons/ha/year. One of the contributing factors is that oil palm plants are not growing optimally. This is reflected by the fact that the canopy cover is not dense or uniform. The objective of this study was to assess the dense or crown of oil palm trees using remote sensing technology from satellite imagery. In this study, Sentinel-2 imagery was used to oil palm canopy closure, and Landsat 8 imagery was used for land suitability analysis. The research method includes the vegetation index analysis by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land moisture index by the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), and land suitability parameters. The results of the analysis are then macthed with the conditions of oil palm plants in the field. The results obtained from this study indicate that oil palm plantations in the Bekri District can be categorised into two discrete classes: Class S2 (sufficiently suitable) and Class S3 (marginally suitable). The total area encompassed by these classes is 8,903 hectares, with Class S2 covering 7,615 hectares and Class S3 covering 218 hectares. Moreover, the study revealed that 3,721 hectares were conducive to optimal plant growth with a dense crown, 765 hectares exhibited normal crown and growth, and 310 hectares displayed suboptimal growth with an indicated uniform dense crown. The overall accuracy rate of the study is 81.82%. There is a positive correlation between NDVI and NDMI values with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.8426, but there is a negative correlation between the NDVI and LST values with a correlation coefficient of -0.586.

Analisis Alokasi Air Dengan Metode FPR-LPR dan Evapotranspirasi Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di UPT SDA Balung Daerah Irigasi Bedadung

Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Rice is one of the agricultural commodities that serves as the foundation of food security. Rice production fluctuates from year to year. Rice production in Jember Regency is mostly produced from irrigated rice fields. Bedadung irrigation area is one of the irrigation areas that has a large service area. UPT Balung is one of the UPTs that often experience water shortages. efforts that can be made to meet agricultural water needs are by optimizing water allocation management in agricultural land. Methods that can be used for water allocation management are the FPR-LPR and evapotranspiration methods. The purpose of this study is to determine the allocation of water, cropping patterns and the best method between the FPR-LPR and evapotranspiration methods on rice plants in UPT Balung Bedadung irrigation area. The research requires data in the form of secondary data which includes climate element data, soil data, crop data and 2022-2023 RTTG data. Water allocation using the FPR-LPR method shows that in growing season 1 requires water of 81,612 l/sec and in growing season 2 of 22,152 l/sec. Water allocation using the evapotranspiration method shows that in growing season 1 requires water amounting to 13,152 l/sec and in growing season 2 amounting to 15,196 l/sec. The best method between the two methods is the evapotranspiration method because the evapotranspiration method is based on climate data, soil data and crop data.